· 14 lines of iambic pentameter
da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM
· Sonnets concerned with universal questions of time, death, beauty, love, moral integrity and poetry itself
English--Shakespearean
· Three quatrains (4-line stanza) and a heroic couplet (2 rhyming lines)
· Rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg
Italian—Petrachan
· Octave (8-line stanza) and sestet (6-line stanza)
· Volta—the shift from octave to sestet with a dramatic change in meaning and/or tone
· Rhyme scheme: abbaabba cdecde
· can change sestet’s rhyme scheme to create a concluding heroic couplet
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